Related Literature

Brinson, M.M. 1993. A hydrogeomorphic classification for wetlands. WRP-DE-4. Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.

Brinson, M.M., W. Kruczynski, L.C. Lee, W.L. Nutter, R.D. Smith, and D.F. whigham. 1994. Developing an approach for assessing the functions of wetlands. p.615-624. In W.J. Mitsch (ed.) Global Wetlands: Old World and New, Elsevier Sciences B V., Amsterdam.

Brinson, M.M. 1995. Assessing wetland functions using HGM. National Wetlands Newsletter, January/February.

Brinson, M.M. 1995. The HGM Approach Explained. National Wetlands Newsletter November/December.

Brinson, M. M., F.R. Hauer, L. C. Lee, W. L. Nutter, R. D. Rheinhardt, R. D. Smith, and D. Whigham. 1995. A guidebook for application of hydrogeomorphic assessments to riverine wetlands. WRP-DE-11. Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.

Brinson, M.M. and R.D. Rheinhardt. 1996. The role of reference wetlands in functional assessment and mitigation. Ecological Applications 16:69-76.

Brinson, M. M., W. L. Nutter, R. Rheinhardt, and B. A. Pruitt. 1996. Background and recommendations for establishing reference wetlands in the Piedmont of the Carolinas and Georgia. EPA/600/R-96/057. Corvallis, OR: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Western Division.

Brinson, M. M., R. D. Smith, D. F. Whigham, L. C. Lee, R. D. Rheinhardt, and W. L. Nutter. 1998. Progress in development of the hydrogeomorphic approach for assessing the functioning of wetlands. Paper read at Proceedings from the INTECOL International Wetland Conference, at Perth, Australia.

Cole, C. A. 2006. HGM and wetland functional assessment: Six degrees of separation from the data? Ecological Indicators 6 (3):485-493.

Cole, C. A., and R. P. Brooks. 2000. A comparison of the hydrologic characteristics of natural and created mainstem floodplain wetlands in Pennsylvania. Ecological Engineering 14 (3):221-231.

Cole, C. A., R. P. Brooks, P. W. Shaffer, and M. E. Kentula. 2002. Comparison of Hydrology of Wetlands in Pennsylvania and Oregon (Usa) as an Indicator of Transferability of Hydrogeomorphic (Hgm) Functional Models Between Regions. Environmental Management 30 (2):265-278.

Cole, C. A., R. P. Brooks, and D. H. Wardrop. 1997. Wetland hydrology as a function of hydrogeomorphic (HGM) subclass. Wetlands 17 (4):456-467.

Cole, C. A., R. P. Brooks, and D. H. Wardrop. 2001. Assessing the relationship between biomass and soil organic matter in created wetlands of central Pennsylvania, USA. Ecological Engineering 17 (4):423-428.

Federal Register. June 20, 1997. National Action Plan to Implement the Hydrogeomorphic Approach to Assessing Wetland Functions. FR 62(1 19):33607-33620.

Franklin, S. B., J. A. Kupfer, R. Pezeshki, R. Gentry, and R. D. Smith. 2009. Efficacy of the hydrogeomorphic model (HGM): A case study from western Tennessee. Ecological Indicators 9 (2):267-283.

Gwin, S. E., M. E. Kentula, and P. W. Shaffer. 1999. Evaluating the effects of wetland regulation through hydrogeomorphic classification and landscape profiles. Wetlands 19 (3):477-489.

Hauer, F. R., and R. D. Smith. 1998. The hydrogeomorphic approach to functional assessment of riparian wetlands: evaluating impacts and mitigation on river floodplains in the U.S.A. Freshwater Biology 40 (3):517-530.

Hill, A. J., V. S. Neary, and K. L. Morgan. 2006. Hydrologic modeling as a development tool for HGM functional assessment models. Wetlands 26 (1):161-180.

Hoeltje, S. M., and C. A. Cole. 2007. Losing function through wetland mitigation in central Pennsylvania, USA. Environmental Management 39 (3):385-402.

King, D. M., and K. J. Adler. 1992. Scientifically defensible compensation ratios for wetland mitigation. Paper read at Effective Mitigation: Mitigation Banks and Joint Projects in the Context of Wetland Management Plans, June 24-27, 1992, at Palm Beach Gardens, FL.

Merkey, D. H. 2006. Characterization of wetland hydrodynamics using HGM and subclassification methods in southeastern Michigan, USA. Wetlands 26 (2):358-367.

Mitsch, W. J., And J.G. Gosselink. 2000. Wetlands. 3rd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

Register, F. 1997. The national action plan to implement the hydrogeomorphic approach to assessing wetland functions.

Register, F. 2007. Reissuance of nationwide permits. In 72(47):11092-11198.

Rowe, D., S. Parkyn, J. Quinn, K. Collier, C. Hatton, M. Joy, J. Maxted, and S. Moore. 2009. A Rapid Method to Score Stream Reaches Based on the Overall Performance of Their Main Ecological Functions. Environmental Management 43 (6):1287-1300.

Rowe, D., S. Parkyn, J. Quinn, K. Collier, C. Hatton, M. Joy, J. Maxted, and S. Moore. 2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. Agriculture Handbook 296. Washington, DC.

Smith, R. D. 1994. Hydrogeomorphic approach to assessing wetland functions developed under Corps' research program. Vicksburg, MS.

Smith, R. D., A. Amman, C. Bartoldus, and M. M. Brinson. 1995. An approach for assessing wetland functions based on hydrogeomorphic classification, reference wetlands, and functional indices. WRP-DE-9. Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.

Stander, E. K., and J. G. Ehrenfeld. 2009. Rapid Assessment of Urban Wetlands: Do Hydrogeomorphic Classification and Reference Criteria Work? Environmental Management 43 (4):725-742.

Stein, E. D., M. M. Brinson, M. C. Rains, W. J. Kleindl, and F. R. Hauer. 2010. A responce to Tom Hruby. Wetland Science and Practice 27 (1):8-9.

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Web Date: October 1997
Updated: May 2010